According to the Meyer, Salovey and Caruso model, emotional intelligence contains 4 main components:
Perception of feelings is the most important component of emotional intelligence
It includes:
a person's ability to monitor their feelings;
the ability to perceive and interpret the emotions of other people, expressed verbally and non-verbally, such as through facial expressions and gestures;
the ability to characterize the sensory vk data package mood formed under the influence of works of art.
The use of emotions in cognitive activity
This may be related to problem solving or learning. Thus, through emotions, the following is achieved:
looking at a situation from different points of view: feelings do not always correspond to rational perception, so we form multifaceted judgments;
focusing on a specific object, action or person - the more emotionally we react to them, the more we want to get to know them better;
better assimilation of information: sensations are of great importance for the functioning of memory, which means that it is easier for us to remember what is associated with them.
Components of Emotional Intelligence
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Understanding emotions
What is meant here is the ability to fully perceive them, to distinguish all their shades, to be aware of the mutual influence of feelings. This makes it possible to:
draw conclusions about how a person will behave based on his emotional state;
understand in what situations a violent expression of feelings is possible.
Managing emotions
This includes the ability to:
control your expressions of feelings when solving problems;
show positive and hide negative emotional reactions;
to endure the impact of negative feelings;
change the emotional state of those around you.
A sign of high emotional intelligence is the good development of all four of its components. Subsequently, the theory of Meyer, Salovey and Caruso gave rise to the creation of other models. The author of one of them was journalist Daniel Goleman, who proposed a different, broader approach to this concept. His idea was to attribute to emotional intelligence any social skills and characteristics of an individual (warmth, ability to work in a team, enterprise, etc.) - not necessarily those that are directly related to the influence of feelings on mental activity.
Meyer, Salovey, and Caruso found this model unacceptable due to the lack of convincing evidence. Their concept was based on the deep interdependence between reason and feelings. All other aspects were considered by them as unrelated to emotional intelligence. In addition, Goleman's findings were not confirmed by practical evidence. However, they attracted the attention of many experts, so they remain relevant today.
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