What vacuum sewer valves are, you can see in the video below:

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If it is not possible to lead the riser above the roof, a special vacuum valve may be installed at the upper end of the riser to connect with the atmosphere.

This valve works on the principle of a check valve - when draining the sewer, it ensures the flow of atmospheric air into the riser, and at the same time prevents the penetration of gases from the sewer into the room.

Sinks and wash basins are installed furthest from the riser, and devices with the largest outlet diameter are mounted in close proximity to the riser. As a rule, toilets are installed next to the riser.
Due to the need to comply with the minimum required slope, horizontal sections within the interior spaces are made as short as possible.
That is why, when designing, the layout of the rooms is chosen so that the toilets and bathrooms are at a minimum distance from each other. You have probably noticed that the layout is usually done so that the bathroom is located through the wall from the kitchen, and all plumbing fixtures are connected to one riser.
Only in rare cases, when this cannot be done due to the need to comply with other architectural design standards, can there be two sewer risers in an apartment.
If the house has more than one floor, then the toilets macedonia mobile database designed one above the other, just like kitchens or bathrooms.

Installation of revisions and cleanings on sewerage systems
In accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.04.01-85* "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings", for the convenience of servicing the drainage network, it must be provided with the installation of inspection and cleaning.
An inspection is a shaped element of the pipeline, installed on the sewer riser and having a hatch, fastened to the body with bolts and nuts or a screw-on cover:

In case of blockage, the inspection cover is unscrewed and the sewer is cleaned through the resulting hole using a plumbing cable.


Inspections on sewer risers are installed on the first and last floors of buildings (but not less than every 3 floors) at a height of 1 m from the finished floor level.
Inspections are also necessarily installed above any riser offsets.
If the riser is supposed to be covered with a box, then you should take care to install a special hatch in the box opposite the inspection to ensure free access to it if necessary.