Nominal capacity. Characterizes
Posted: Mon Feb 10, 2025 4:48 am
If you are repairing or developing an electronic device, you will need to select a suitable capacitor to replace the failed one. And to do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the main technical characteristics of the capacitor, on which its operation in the electric circuit depends.
the main purpose of the component - what charge it can store. The main characteristic is measured in farads. However, this unit of measurement is too large, so fractions are used:
Millifarads, mF – 0.001 F (10-3);
Microfarads, μF – 0.000 001 F (10-6);
Nanofarads, nF – 0.000 000 001 F (10-9);
Picofarads, pF – 0.000 000 000 001 F (10-12).
Nominal voltage is the voltage up to which the greece mobile database can be guaranteed to operate in normal mode. If this value is exceeded, there is a high probability of dielectric breakdown. It can be from units of volts (for electrolytes) to thousands of volts (film and ceramics). When repairing, this value should not be lower than that of the failed one, higher is possible!
Tolerance of deviation — how much the actual capacity may differ from the declared nominal one. It can reach 20-30%, but there are also high-precision models with a tolerance of up to 1% — for use in circuits where special precision is required.
Temperature coefficient of capacitance - this parameter is important for electrolytes. In aluminum capacitors, the capacitance decreases and the specific electrical resistance (ESR) increases as the temperature decreases.
ESR – equivalent series resistance, is also important for electrolytics. In simple terms – the higher it is, the worse. In swollen capacitors, ESR increases.
In the table below you can see the acceptable ESR values for different nominal capacities and voltages.
the main purpose of the component - what charge it can store. The main characteristic is measured in farads. However, this unit of measurement is too large, so fractions are used:
Millifarads, mF – 0.001 F (10-3);
Microfarads, μF – 0.000 001 F (10-6);
Nanofarads, nF – 0.000 000 001 F (10-9);
Picofarads, pF – 0.000 000 000 001 F (10-12).
Nominal voltage is the voltage up to which the greece mobile database can be guaranteed to operate in normal mode. If this value is exceeded, there is a high probability of dielectric breakdown. It can be from units of volts (for electrolytes) to thousands of volts (film and ceramics). When repairing, this value should not be lower than that of the failed one, higher is possible!
Tolerance of deviation — how much the actual capacity may differ from the declared nominal one. It can reach 20-30%, but there are also high-precision models with a tolerance of up to 1% — for use in circuits where special precision is required.
Temperature coefficient of capacitance - this parameter is important for electrolytes. In aluminum capacitors, the capacitance decreases and the specific electrical resistance (ESR) increases as the temperature decreases.
ESR – equivalent series resistance, is also important for electrolytics. In simple terms – the higher it is, the worse. In swollen capacitors, ESR increases.
In the table below you can see the acceptable ESR values for different nominal capacities and voltages.